Konstruksi Kausatif dalam Bahasa Mandailing: Perspektif Sintaksis

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the forms of monoclausal and biclausal causative constructions and to clarify the syntactic relationships among the causer, the causee, and the patient in the Mandailing language. This study was qualitative research. The data consisted of clause in the Mandailing language. The data sources were obtained from native speakers of Mandailing who resided in Padangsidimpuan, South Tapanuli. Data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews, followed by audio recording and note-taking techniques. The results showed that causative constructions in the Mandailing language consisted of two main types, namely monoclausal causatives and biclausal causatives. In monoclausal constructions, the causer functioned as the main subject that directly controlled the action affecting the patient, while the causee was not explicitly present in the clause structure. In contrast, in biclausal constructions, the relationship among the causer, the causee, and the patient became more complex because it involved two clauses with two different predicates. These findings indicated that the fundamental difference between the two types of constructions lay in the degree of control exercised by the causer and the distribution of grammatical functions among the three core elements in Mandailing causative constructions. Thus, this study provided an overview of syntactic relationship patterns in Mandailing causative constructions and clarified the structural differences between monoclausal and biclausal causatives.

Keywords: Mandailing language, biclausal, monoclausal, causative constructions.